devops

Keycloak Direct Access Grants: Why ROPC Is Unsafe and What to Use Instead

What Keycloak Direct Access Grants means, why grant_type=password is discouraged, common token-endpoint errors, and safer replacements (PKCE, device flow, client credentials) on Keycloak 26.7.3.

Deepak Prasad14 min read
devops

Keycloak Pushed Authorization Requests (PAR)

Push OAuth authorization parameters to Keycloak with PAR, complete Authorization Code flow using request_uri on Keycloak 26.7.3, and enforce PAR per client with confidential client authentication.

Deepak Prasad12 min read
devops

Keycloak Standard Token Exchange

Configure Keycloak Standard Token Exchange v2 with subject_token, requester client scopes, audience filtering, claim comparison before and after exchange, and troubleshooting invalid_target and access_denied errors on …

Deepak Prasad15 min read
devops

Keycloak Logout and OIDC RP-Initiated Logout

Configure Keycloak RP-initiated logout with id_token_hint and post_logout_redirect_uri, compare front-channel and backchannel logout across two clients, and diagnose stale app sessions on Keycloak 26.7.3.

Deepak Prasad15 min read
devops

Keycloak JWKS and JWT Signature Verification

Discover Keycloak issuer and JWKS URI, verify RS256 access token signatures locally with kid lookup, validate iss aud and exp claims, reject ID tokens at APIs, and handle unknown kid after key rotation on Keycloak …

Deepak Prasad16 min read
devops

Keycloak Token Revocation

Revoke Keycloak access and refresh tokens with the RFC 7009 endpoint, compare introspection and local JWT checks after revocation, and choose between endpoint revoke, logout, session termination, and client secret …

Deepak Prasad14 min read
devops

Keycloak CIBA Authentication

Configure Keycloak Client Initiated Backchannel Authentication on a confidential client, run a minimal HTTP authentication channel, post a login_hint backchannel request, and poll with auth_req_id for access tokens on …

Deepak Prasad17 min read
devops

Keycloak Token Introspection

POST access tokens to Keycloak token introspection with curl and a confidential client, read active true or false after expiry logout and audience mismatch, and compare local JWT verification on Keycloak 26.7.3.

Deepak Prasad14 min read
devops

Keycloak Device Authorization Grant

Walk through Keycloak Device Authorization Grant on a public CLI client: request device and user codes, poll with interval and slow_down, complete browser verification, and call UserInfo after approval.

Deepak Prasad12 min read
devops

Keycloak Offline Tokens

Request Keycloak offline tokens with offline_access through Authorization Code flow, refresh after SSO logout, tune Offline Session Idle and Max Limited, rotate and revoke safely, and compare offline refresh tokens with …

Deepak Prasad15 min read
devops

Keycloak Client Credentials Grant

Request a Keycloak client_credentials access token with curl and HTTP Basic auth, decode service-account claims (sub, azp, aud, roles), check audience and roles at orders-api, and tell token-endpoint 401 apart from API …

Deepak Prasad16 min read
devops

Keycloak Refresh Tokens

Use Keycloak refresh tokens with curl, enable Revoke Refresh Token and Max Reuse, relate refresh_expires_in to client and SSO sessions, and diagnose invalid_grant after logout, idle timeout, or token reuse on Keycloak …

Deepak Prasad16 min read
devops

Keycloak PKCE Tutorial: Authorization Code Flow with S256

Configure Keycloak PKCE on a public client with S256, generate a code verifier and challenge, complete Authorization Code flow, and prove a stolen code fails without the verifier on Keycloak 26.7.3.

Deepak Prasad13 min read
devops

Keycloak Authorization Code Flow

Walk through Keycloak Standard Flow with a confidential server-side client: build the authorization URL, exchange the code with curl, validate state and nonce, refresh tokens, and reproduce common invalid_grant errors.

Deepak Prasad15 min read
devops

Keycloak Sessions Explained: User, Client and Offline Sessions

Learn how Keycloak user sessions, client sessions and offline sessions work, how they relate to tokens and SSO, and how to view or revoke them.

Deepak Prasad18 min read
devops

Keycloak OpenID Connect Tutorial

Configure a public Keycloak OIDC client with PKCE, run Authorization Code flow, inspect ID and access JWTs, call UserInfo, and validate the bearer token at a small Python API on Keycloak 26.7.3.

Deepak Prasad20 min read
devops

CKS Tutorial: Certified Kubernetes Security Specialist Course

Free CKS exam prep course covering all six Linux Foundation security domains, with hands-on kubeadm labs for kube-bench, Trivy, Cosign, Falco, and gVisor.

Deepak Prasad2 min read
devops

CKA Tutorial: Certified Kubernetes Administrator Course

Free CKA exam prep course covering all five Linux Foundation domains, with hands-on kubeadm labs on Rocky Linux VMs tested on Kubernetes 1.36.

Deepak Prasad1 min read
devops

CKAD Tutorial: Certified Kubernetes Application Developer Course

Free CKAD exam prep course covering all five Linux Foundation domains, with hands-on labs, 25 practice tasks, and a cheat sheet tested on Kubernetes 1.36.

Deepak Prasad1 min read
devops

Kubernetes Operator Tutorial - Build Production-Ready Operators

Free Kubernetes Operator course on CRDs, controller-runtime, and Go, Helm, and hybrid operators, with hands-on labs tested on Operator SDK 1.42 and kind.

Deepak Prasad1 min read
devops

Kubernetes Tutorial for Beginners & Experienced

Free Kubernetes tutorial from first cluster to Helm, RBAC, and upgrades, with hands-on lessons run on Kubernetes 1.36 kubeadm clusters, local and on AWS.

Deepak Prasad1 min read
devops

Podman Tutorial: Complete Container Guide for Linux

Free Podman tutorial tested on RHEL 10.2 with Podman 5.8: run rootless containers, build images, set up networking, and deploy services with Quadlet.

Deepak Prasad1 min read
devops

Git & GitHub Tutorial for Beginners (with examples)

Free Git and GitHub tutorial with hands-on examples tested on Git 2.52: commits, branches, merge and rebase, remotes, undo, and history cleanup.

Deepak Prasad1 min read
devops

Ansible Tutorial for Beginners [RHCE EX294 Exam]

Free Ansible tutorial and Red Hat RHCE EX294 exam prep with hands-on labs on Rocky Linux 10: playbooks, roles, Vault, and RHCSA tasks automated end to end.

Deepak Prasad1 min read
devops

Keycloak IAM Tutorial: Identity and Access Management Course

Free Keycloak tutorial and IAM course covering realms, clients, OIDC, LDAP federation, SAML, and operations, with Podman labs tested on Keycloak 26.7.

Deepak Prasad1 min read
devops

Terraform Associate Certification Course

Free Terraform Associate (004) exam prep course covering the full HashiCorp blueprint, with hands-on labs on one Ubuntu VM and no cloud account needed.

Deepak Prasad1 min read
devops

Access Token vs ID Token vs Refresh Token

Compare OAuth and OIDC access tokens, ID tokens, and refresh tokens by purpose, recipient, validation, and lifecycle, with sanitized Keycloak JWT examples.

Deepak Prasad13 min read
devops

Keycloak vs Red Hat Build of Keycloak

Compare Keycloak vs Red Hat Build of Keycloak (RHBK), including support, versions, lifecycle, supported platforms, container images, features, and when to use each.

Deepak Prasad12 min read
devops

Keycloak SCIM vs LDAP: Federation vs Provisioning

Compare Keycloak SCIM provisioning with LDAP user federation on Keycloak 26.7: data flow, passwords, lifecycle, Preview limits, and when to use LDAP, SCIM, or both.

Deepak Prasad10 min read
devops

Keycloak User Federation vs Identity Brokering: LDAP/AD vs External IdP

Decide whether Keycloak should validate users against LDAP or Active Directory with user federation, or redirect login to an upstream OIDC or SAML identity provider with identity brokering.

Deepak Prasad17 min read