List and Filter Podman Containers with `podman ps`

podman ps shows what is running, which image each container uses, and which ports are published. This guide covers listing and filtering only — not lifecycle commands or full inspect JSON.

The lab uses ps-web (nginx), ps-api and ps-vol-c (sleep containers), ps-exited and ps-label-demo (stopped), ps-created (never started), and ps-pod-c1 in pod ps-web-pod.

List running Podman containers

A plain podman ps shows only containers whose main process is currently running:

podman ps

Sample output:

CONTAINER ID  IMAGE                                               COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS             PORTS                  NAMES
e396d532706f                                                                            About a minute ago  Up About a minute                         339b450a86e4-infra
f1e749ebb335  docker.io/library/nginx:alpine                      nginx -g daemon o...  About a minute ago  Up About a minute  0.0.0.0:18080->80/tcp  ps-web
0945a2fed023  registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal:latest  sleep 600             About a minute ago  Up About a minute                         ps-api
15fdaaced09a  registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal:latest  sleep 600             About a minute ago  Up About a minute                         ps-pod-c1
ef3ddb3b3d16  registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal:latest  sleep 600             54 seconds ago      Up 53 seconds                             ps-vol-c

Each row includes container ID, image, command, created time, status, ports, and name. The 339b450a86e4-infra row is the pod infra container for ps-web-pod.

Equivalent spellings:

podman ps
podman container ps
podman container ls
podman container list

This article sticks with podman ps as the primary form.

List all containers including stopped ones

Add -a (or --all) when you need containers that are not running:

podman ps -a

Sample output:

CONTAINER ID  IMAGE                                               COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS                  NAMES
e396d532706f                                                                            About a minute ago  Up About a minute                                     339b450a86e4-infra
f1e749ebb335  docker.io/library/nginx:alpine                      nginx -g daemon o...  About a minute ago  Up About a minute              0.0.0.0:18080->80/tcp  ps-web
0945a2fed023  registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal:latest  sleep 600             About a minute ago  Up About a minute                                     ps-api
75f5f4d727b7  registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal:latest  echo exited-once      About a minute ago  Exited (0) About a minute ago                         ps-exited
c22122d22ea8  registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal:latest  sleep 600             About a minute ago  Created                                               ps-created
75cfc331af02  registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal:latest  sh -c exit 1          About a minute ago  Exited (1) About a minute ago                         ps-label-demo
15fdaaced09a  registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal:latest  sleep 600             About a minute ago  Up About a minute                                     ps-pod-c1
ef3ddb3b3d16  registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal:latest  sleep 600             55 seconds ago      Up 54 seconds                                         ps-vol-c

Eight rows appear here instead of five. ps-exited and ps-label-demo show Exited with an exit code; ps-created shows Created because nothing started it yet.

Without -a, those rows disappear:

podman ps

Scripts that clean up old containers usually start from podman ps -a or podman ps -aq.

Status strings you may see:

• Created — container exists but the main process has not started
• Up — running (often with a duration, such as Up 2 minutes)
• Exited (N) — main process finished; N is the exit code
• Paused — cgroup frozen with podman pause
• Stopping — shutdown in progress
• Unknown — state could not be reconciled with the runtime (see --sync below)

Show only container IDs

Quiet mode prints IDs one per line, which is easier to feed into other tools:

podman ps -q

Sample output:

e396d532706f
f1e749ebb335
0945a2fed023
15fdaaced09a
ef3ddb3b3d16

Those IDs match the five running rows above.

Add -a for stopped and created containers:

podman ps -aq

That returns eight IDs on this host.

You can stop every running container with substitution:

podman stop $(podman ps -q)

That stops every running container, including infra containers you may want to keep. Prefer filters or native flags instead:

podman container stop --all

Many subcommands accept -a or --filter directly, so shell substitution is not always necessary.

Filter containers with podman ps --filter

--filter (or -f) accepts key=value conditions. Most filters need podman ps -a when the target container is not running.

Filter by status

List containers that have fully stopped:

podman ps -a --filter status=exited --format "{{.Names}} {{.Status}}"

Sample output:

ps-exited Exited (0) 2 minutes ago
ps-label-demo Exited (1) 2 minutes ago

Both exited workloads appear; running and Created rows are omitted.

Filter by name

Name filters match substrings. A filter of name=web finds ps-web:

podman ps --filter name=web --format "{{.Names}}"

Sample output:

ps-web

Filter by label

Labels set at podman run time are filterable. The nginx container carries app=frontend:

podman ps --filter label=app=frontend --format "{{.Names}}"

Sample output:

ps-web

Filter by image or ancestor

ancestor= matches containers created from an image reference (name, tag, or ID):

podman ps -a --filter ancestor=registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal --format "{{.Names}}"

Sample output:

ps-api
ps-exited
ps-created
ps-label-demo
ps-pod-c1
ps-vol-c

The nginx container is excluded because it came from a different image.

Filter by network

When a container is attached to a user-defined network, you can list it by network name:

podman ps --filter network=ps-net-demo --format "{{.Names}}"

Sample output:

ps-vol-c

Only ps-vol-c was started with --network ps-net-demo in this lab.

Filter by volume

Similarly, volume= matches containers that mount a named volume:

podman ps --filter volume=ps-vol-data --format "{{.Names}}"

Sample output:

ps-vol-c

Filter by pod

Pod membership is a first-class filter. This lists containers in pod ps-web-pod:

podman ps --filter pod=ps-web-pod --format "{{.Names}}"

Sample output:

339b450a86e4-infra
ps-pod-c1

The infra container and the workload container inside the pod both match.

Filter by exit code

After a container exits, exited=N matches containers that stopped with that code:

podman ps -a --filter exited=1 --format "{{.Names}} {{.State}}"

Sample output:

ps-label-demo exited

ps-label-demo was started with sh -c exit 1, so only it matches exited=1.

Filter containers that should start on boot

On hosts using systemd or Quadlet integration, some containers are marked to start at boot:

podman ps -a --filter should-start-on-boot=true --format "{{.Names}}"

An empty result is normal when no container is marked for boot start.

Combine multiple podman ps filters

Repeat --filter to narrow results. Podman combines filters with these rules:

• Filters with different keys are ANDed
• Repeated filters with the same key are generally ORed
• label is the exception — repeated label filters are ANDed

Different keys must all match:

podman ps -a --filter status=exited --filter label=app=demo --format "{{.Names}} {{.Status}}"

Sample output:

ps-label-demo Exited (1) 3 minutes ago

ps-exited also has status=exited, but it lacks app=demo, so it drops out. ps-label-demo matches both filters.

The same key ORs values — for example, status=running and status=paused lists containers in either state, not both at once:

podman ps --filter status=running --filter status=paused --format "{{.Names}} {{.Status}}"

Run combined filters and read the result rather than assuming a single global AND/OR rule for every key.

Format podman ps output

--format uses Go templates. A table prefix builds column headers from tab-separated fields:

podman ps --format "table {{.Names}}\t{{.Image}}\t{{.Status}}"

Sample output:

NAMES               IMAGE                                               STATUS
339b450a86e4-infra                                                      Up 3 minutes
ps-web              docker.io/library/nginx:alpine                      Up 3 minutes
ps-api              registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal:latest  Up 3 minutes
ps-pod-c1           registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal:latest  Up 3 minutes
ps-vol-c            registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal:latest  Up 2 minutes

Omit table when you want a single field per line — useful for scripts:

podman ps --format "{{.Names}}"

Sample output:

339b450a86e4-infra
ps-web
ps-api
ps-pod-c1
ps-vol-c

Practical template fields for listing work include:

• .ID — short container ID
• .Names — container name
• .Image — image reference
• .Status — human-readable uptime or exit phrase
• .State — state keyword (running, exited, created, …)
• .Ports — published port mapping
• .Networks — attached networks
• .PodName — pod name when the container belongs to a pod
• .Restarts — restart count when a restart policy is in use
• .Pid — main process PID on the host (running containers)

JSON output uses the same flag:

podman ps --format json

That prints a JSON array of summary objects for quick scripts.

podman ps --format lists selected summary fields across containers; Inspect containers with podman inspect returns full configuration and state for one object. Use format for dashboards and loops; use inspect for mount lists, label maps, or network settings on a single target.

Sort Podman containers

--sort orders rows before printing. Sort keys include created, id, image, names, runningfor, size, status, and command.

Sort alphabetically by name across all containers:

podman ps -a --sort names --format "{{.Names}} {{.Status}}"

Sample output:

339b450a86e4-infra Up 4 minutes
ps-api Up 4 minutes
ps-created Created
ps-exited Exited (0) 4 minutes ago
ps-label-demo Exited (1) 4 minutes ago
ps-pod-c1 Up 4 minutes
ps-vol-c Up 4 minutes
ps-web Up 4 minutes

Use runningfor for uptime order or created for age order.

Display container size

--size adds writable-layer size to the listing. Calculating size takes extra work, so this mode is slower than a plain table:

podman ps -a --size --format "table {{.Names}}\t{{.Size}}"

Sample output:

NAMES               SIZE
339b450a86e4-infra  0B (virtual 0B)
ps-web              235kB (virtual 64.4MB)
ps-api              233kB (virtual 109MB)
ps-exited           233kB (virtual 109MB)
ps-created          0B (virtual 109MB)
ps-label-demo       233kB (virtual 109MB)
ps-pod-c1           233kB (virtual 109MB)
ps-vol-c            234kB (virtual 109MB)

The first number is the container writable layer; virtual includes the image size underneath. That is per-container filesystem cost, not a full storage report. For reclaimable space across images, volumes, and containers, see Podman system prune and system df.

Display pod information

--pod adds pod ID and pod name columns:

podman ps --pod --format "table {{.Names}}\t{{.Pod}}\t{{.PodName}}"

Sample output:

NAMES               POD ID        PODNAME
339b450a86e4-infra  339b450a86e4  ps-web-pod
ps-web                            
ps-api                            
ps-pod-c1           339b450a86e4  ps-web-pod
ps-vol-c

Containers outside a pod leave the pod columns blank. ps-pod-c1 shares ps-web-pod with its infra container.

You can combine --pod with --filter pod=NAME (shown earlier) to focus on one pod without extra columns. Pod creation and multi-container layouts belong in Podman pods — this section only reads pod metadata from the list.

Display container namespace information

--ns adds Linux namespace IDs for debugging and correlation with host tools:

podman ps -a --ns --format "table {{.Names}}\t{{.IPC}}\t{{.NET}}\t{{.PIDNS}}"

Sample output:

NAMES               IPC         NET         PIDNS
339b450a86e4-infra  4026532747  4026532679  4026532748
ps-web              4026532605  4026532496  4026532606
ps-api              4026532676  4026532608  4026532677
ps-exited                                   
ps-created

Running containers show numeric namespace identifiers; stopped rows may leave columns empty because namespaces are torn down after exit. How Podman maps those namespaces to conmon, crun, and networking is covered in Podman architecture — not repeated here.

Show external containers in shared storage

Podman shares storage with tools such as Buildah. Working containers from those tools may not appear in a default listing.

Create a Buildah working container to demonstrate:

buildah from --name ps-buildah-demo registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi-minimal

Buildah prints the container ID when the working container is ready.

A normal podman ps -a does not show that Buildah container:

podman ps -a | grep buildah || echo "(no buildah rows in default ps)"

Sample output:

(no buildah rows in default ps)

Add --external to include storage Podman does not own:

podman ps -a --external --format "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Names}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Command}}"

Sample output:

ID           NAMES             STATUS     COMMAND
cd8803fa938f ps-buildah-demo   Storage    buildah

Status Storage and command buildah mark shared-storage entries that Podman did not start as ordinary runtime containers.

Remove the demo working container when you are done:

buildah rm ps-buildah-demo

Refresh container state with --sync

If status looks wrong compared to crun or process inspection, --sync forces Podman to reconcile with the OCI runtime before printing:

podman ps --sync --format "{{.Names}} {{.Status}}"

Sample output:

339b450a86e4-infra Up 6 minutes
ps-web Up 6 minutes
ps-api Up 6 minutes
ps-pod-c1 Up 6 minutes
ps-vol-c Up 5 minutes

Reserve --sync for stale-state troubleshooting, not everyday listing.

Watch the container list

--watch reprints the table on an interval (seconds). This is useful when you are waiting for a container to appear or exit:

podman ps --watch 2

Podman redraws the table every two seconds until you press Ctrl+C.

podman ps vs podman inspect

Use the list commands above to find containers; reach for podman inspect when one target needs full JSON detail.

References

• podman-ps(1) — Linux manual page
• Podman documentation — listing containers

Summary

podman ps is the default view of running containers on a Linux host. With -a you also see stopped and created instances, which is essential when exit codes or cleanup matter. Quiet mode (-q / -aq) feeds IDs into scripts; native flags such as podman container stop --all are often safer than blind $(podman ps -q) substitution.

On busy hosts, --filter narrows by status, name, label, image, network, volume, pod, and exit code, and you can stack filters to match several conditions at once. --format and --sort reshape the table for operators and automation without pulling full inspect JSON. --size, --pod, --ns, and --external add filesystem cost, pod membership, namespace IDs, and shared-storage entries that a plain listing omits.

When one container needs full configuration detail, switch to podman inspect instead of stretching ps --format. Identify targets with the list commands here first; then follow the pod and system-storage guides for layout and reclaim work at scale.